Also Read: Here Are 30+ Fun Anteater Facts For Kids. (April 10, 2016). [128] Earl Hatley, an environmental activist who has worked with Native American tribes[129] has expressed concern about the environmental and public health impact on Native Americans. The President said in Cushing, Oklahoma, on March 22, "Today, I'm directing my administration to cut through the red tape, break through the bureaucratic hurdles, and make this project a priority, to go ahead and get it done. A study published in early 2020, co-authored by TC Energys own scientists, found that the anti-corrosion coating on the projects pipes was damaged from being stored outside and exposed to the elements for the last decade, notes NRDC senior attorney Jaclyn Prange, who spent years working on KXL litigation. The House Energy and Commerce Committee's chairman at the time, Representative Henry Waxman, had also urged the State Department to block Keystone XL for greenhouse gas emission reasons. They then started rising again from late April. [222] Stansbury concludes that safety assessments provided by TransCanada are misleading: "We can expect no fewer than 2 major spills per state during the 50-year projected lifetime of the pipeline. Throughout the process, the US government and officials from the department of energy are seen favoring the project and a special group of people. Jobs Gained, Jobs Lost by the Construction of Keystone XL", "Keystone modifications call Obama's bluff", "TransCanada to Work with Department of State on New Keystone XL Route Options", "Media Advisory State of Nebraska to Play Major Role in Defining New Keystone XL Route Away From the Sandhills", "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS), "Obama Facing Rising Pressure on Keystone Oil Pipeline", "Congress clears Keystone XL pipeline bill, setting up veto", "Department of State: Record of Decision and National Interest Determination", "Obama rejects TransCanada's Keystone XL pipeline", "Obama administration rejects Keystone pipeline", "Half of Canadians in favour of Keystone XL revival while U.S. support declines: Poll", Recent Case: Montana District Court Holds State Departments National Interest Determination for Keystone XL Pipeline Violated APA by Disregarding Prior Factual Findings, "Memorandum on Construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline", "Keystone XL: Trump issues permit to begin construction of pipeline", "Presidential Permit: Authorizing TransCanada Keystone Pipeline, L.P., To Construct, Connect, Operate, and Maintain Pipeline Facilities at the International Boundary Between the United States and Canada", "Nebraska approves path for controversial Keystone XL pipeline", "TransCanada Asks Nebraska to Reconsider Keystone XL Ruling", "South Dakota Regulator Raises Prospect of Revoking Keystone Permit", "A judge just dealt a potentially fatal blow to Keystone XL", "Judge keeps most Keystone XL pipeline work on hold", "TransCanada Corp to overhaul its business in US$13B acquisition of Columbia Pipeline Group", "Pipeline company TransCanada changes name to TC Energy", "TransCanada Can Change Its Name, Say Opponents, But Keystone XL Will Never See 'The Light of Day', "Court lifts injunction blocking Keystone XL oil pipeline", "Keystone XL Pipeline Plan Is Approved by Nebraska Supreme Court", "State Department Solicits Comments On Keystone XL Pipeline", "Notice of Availability of the Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for the Proposed Keystone XL Pipeline; Public Meeting Announcement", "Canadian Energy Centre: Minister Savage Statement", "Alberta's energy war room now called Canadian Energy Centre", "Bill Status Report for the 30th Legislature 1st Session (2019)", "Alberta makes it official: Bill passed and proclaimed to kill carbon tax", "Keystone XL to proceed with $7B provincial commitment", "Investing US$8.0 billion in the North American economy", "Supreme Court Won't Block Ruling to Halt Work on Keystone XL Pipeline", Northern Plains Res. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. [66][67][68] Financial commitment towards completion of the pipeline was weakened by a number of technological factors as well. In addition, When the State Department released the original proposal ERM had submitted to secure the SEIS contract, portions of the work histories of key personnel were redacted. On July 6, 2020, in the US Army Corps of Engineers v. Northern Plains Resource Council case, the Supreme Court of the United States ordered all Keystone XL work be halted. Even though the TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline will be buried nearly 20 feet underground, In addition, TransCanada has submitted a secret document to the Canadian government that states that the KXL pipeline will cause a hike in gas prices in the Midwest. ", "4.14: Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change", "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement, Keystone XL Project, 5.3: Comparison of Alternatives", "Keystone XL Pipeline Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement", "EPA slams Keystone for 'significant' emissions and climate change impact", "EPA: Keystone XL Pipeline Will Impact Global Warming US News", "House Passes Keystone Bill Despite Obama's Opposition", "TransCanada Rebuts EPA Comments on Keystone XL Pipeline", Continued Support for Keystone XL Pipeline, "Americans favor Keystone XL pipeline, 2011-03-22", 56% See Keystone XL Pipeline As Good for the Economy, Public approves of Keystone pipeline project, "Enbridge Plans to Reverse Pipe Between Cushing and Houston", "Enterprise, Enbridge Propose Keystone Pipeline Alternative", "Seaway pipeline sends oil to Texas in historic reversal", "More Pipelines Needed to Follow Seaway's Path", "Keystone pipeline: TransCanada to Shorten Route and Bypass Federal Review", "Obama's Speedy Keystone Review Won't Accelerate Cushing Pipe", Alaska watches Canadians consider shipping tar sands oil across Arctic Ocean, "Enbridge Sees One-Year Delay in U.S. Approval for Cross-Border Oil Pipeline", "Independent refiner CVR sues TransCanada's Keystone Pipeline", "NRDC's Suit to Block Canada-US Oil Pipeline Thrown Out", "Enviros Sue to Stop Keystone Pipeline Project", TransCanada to launch NAFTA claim over Keystone rejection, "Keystone XL Pipeline Project: Key Issues", "Oil Sands and the Keystone XL Pipeline: Background and Selected Environmental Issues", "Keystone XL: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessments in the Final Environmental Impact Statement", "Presidential Permits for Border Crossing Energy Facilities", "Keystone XL Pipeline: Recent Developments", 2012 Presidential Permit application documents, 2017 Presidential Permit application documents, Interactive maps of Keystone XL route from Canadian border to Texas Gulf Coast, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keystone_Pipeline&oldid=1141581218, "While TransCanada estimates that the Keystone XL will have 11 significant spills, defined as more than 50 barrels (8m, "Analysis of the time needed to shut down the pipeline shows that response to a leak at a river crossing could conservatively take more than ten times longer than the 11 minutes and 30 seconds that TransCanada assumes. There is thorough research or proper facts to back the claims made by the company. A fourth, proposed pipeline expansion segment Phase IV, Keystone XL, failed to receive necessary permits from the United States federal government in 2015. On his fourth day in office, Trump signed an executive order to allow Keystone XL to move forward. Other items of note in Stansbury's analysis: Portions of the pipeline will also cross an active seismic zone that had a 4.3-magnitude earthquake as recently as 2002. The suit was thrown out by a federal judge on procedural grounds, ruling that the NRDC lacked the authority to bring it. [119], In January 2012, Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) and Rep. Steve Cohen (D-Tenn.) requested a new report on the environmental review process. The pipeline threat is gone, but the damage to their property and lives is already done. [44] One of the major concerns was the way in which the original route crossed the Sandhills, the large wetland ecosystem in Nebraska, and the Ogallala Aquifer, one of the largest reserves of fresh water in the world. Keystone Pipeline, Gas Prices, and Oil Exports Dirty energy lobbyists claimed developing tar sands would protect our national energy security and bring U.S. fuel prices down. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initially stated that, on a wells-to-wheels basis, tar sands oil emits 17 percent more carbon than other types of crude, but several years later, the State Department revised this number upward, stating that the emissions could be 5 percent to 20 percent higher than previously indicated. That means burdening the planet with an extra 178.3 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions annually, the same impact as 38.5 million passenger vehicles or 45.8 coal-fired power plants. When Nebraska landowners who had refused TransCanada the permission it needed for pipeline easements on their properties, TransCanada attempted to exercise eminent domain over such use. Keystone XL Pipeline, Gas Prices, and Oil Exports, Keystone XL Pipeline Environmental Impact, Keystone XL Pipeline Controversy and False Claims, President Trump and the Keystone XL Pipeline, President Biden and the End of the Keystone XL Pipeline, officially abandoned the project in June 2021, tar sands oil spill in Kalamazoo River, Michigan, Its mines are a blight on Canadas boreal, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, Farmers, ranchers, tribes, and conservation groups, abandoning its plans for building the pipeline, Ghost Pipelines: How Landowners Suffer, Long After a Project Gets Canceled, The Future Has Spoken: Its Time to Shut Down DAPL and Stop Line 3, Battered by Floods, Nebraskans Worry About Pipeline Spills, 2018 Wasnt a Completely Horrible Year for the Environment, A Rubber Stamp on Keystone XL? Additionally, it will cause havoc on labor organizations and environmentalists looking to address global climate change. [98] In response, TC Energy stated that the U.S. part of the project would be reassessed (but not abandoned); the Canadian part would proceed as before. The State Department's 2012 Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (Final SEIS) estimated that producing and transporting oil to the pipeline's capacity would increase greenhouse-gas emissions compared to alternative sources of oil, if the denial of the pipeline project meant that the oil would stay in the ground. Fact: While American Petroleum Institute has stated that this project will create jobs for over half a million American people, the truth is these are all false claims. The Keystone pipeline spill in a creek running through rural pastureland in Washington County, Kansas, about 150 miles (240 kilometers) northwest of Kansas City, also was the biggest in the system . [122] After Donald Trump's victory in that election, he released a presidential memorandum on January 24, 2017 announcing revival of the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines. Complicating matters, leaks can be difficult to detect. While an 11-volume State Department report on the Keystone XL pipeline found in 2014 that it would not significantly contribute to carbon pollution, critics say the project threatens Alberta's. Shifts to gasoline fuel for cargo vehicles, new technologies promoting fuel efficiency, and export restrictions that forced the price of oil to decrease also played a part. [92], On March 31, 2020, CEO Russ Girling announced that TC Energy "will proceed with construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline" and thanked President Donald Trump, Alberta Premier Jason Kenney, and other government officials for "support and advocacy" for Keystone XL. Kerry found that there was a "perception" among foreigners that the project would increase greenhouse-gas emissions, and that, whether or not this perception was accurate, the decision would therefore "undercut the credibility and influence of the United States" in climate-change-related negotiations. [51], On August 26, 2011, the final environmental impact report was released on stating that the pipeline would pose "no significant impacts" to most resources if environmental protection measures are followed, but it would present "significant adverse effects to certain cultural resources". TransCanada asked Nebraska to reconsider this decision[75] and worked with Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) to determine the structural cause of a leak in South Dakota on November 21, 2017. The expected lack of volume combined with extensive construction cost overruns has prompted several petroleum refining companies to sue TransCanada. [279] In April 2010, three smaller refineries sued TransCanada to break Keystone transportation contracts, saying the new pipeline has been beset with cost overruns. This isnt your grandfathers typical oil, says Anthony Swift, director of NRDCs Canada project. When President Obama rejected and canceled the permits for Keystone XL, many labor/workers associations and organizations came forward in support of this decision. Phase 4 is the "Keystone XL Pipeline" that President Joe Biden canceled. The existing Keystone pipeline travels to Port Arthur, Texas to be refined and guess what - the majority of it is exported. [152][153] TransCanada CEO Russ Girling has argued that "the U.S. needs 10 million barrels a day of imported oil" and the debate over the proposed pipeline "is not a debate of oil versus alternative energy. "[118] He went on to state that "approving this project would have undercut [the United States'] global leadership" on climate change. Type above and press Enter to search. Heres why thats a disaster in the making. All facets of the tar sands industry pose a threat to the environment. [201] Critics say that a major leak could ruin drinking water and devastate the mid-western U.S. [50] This leak occurred early in the morning on November 16, 2017 near Amherst, South Dakota and was contained shortly after detection 35 miles (56km) south of the Ludden pump station. [213], In April 2013, the EPA challenged the U.S. State Department report's conclusion that the pipeline would not result in greater oil sand production, noting that "while informative, [it] is not based on an updated energy-economic modeling effort". On March 2, 2014, approximately 10001200 protesters marched from Georgetown University to the White House to stage a protest against the Keystone Pipeline. President Obama's recent rejection Cindy S. Woods, The Great Sioux Nation V. The Black Snake: Native American Rights and the Keystone XL Pipeline. [40] Phase 1 went online in June 2010. The leak spilled 14,000 barrels (or nearly 600,000 . "[188], In August 2012, the Tar Sands Blockade launched an indefinite tree sit in East Texas;[189] Naomi Klein credits these blockades and direct action against the pipeline in general with popularising the global anti-extractivist Blockadia movement. Fact: This Keystone XL project will bring oil from Canadas oil sands to Gulf Coast in Texas. This is not a pipeline to America, said the late civil rights activist Julian Bond, among the many arrested. [68], On November 16, 2011, Enbridge announced it was buying ConocoPhillips's 50% interest in the Seaway pipeline that flowed from the Gulf of Mexico to the Cushing hub. [6], The proposed Keystone XL pipeline would start from the same area in Alberta, Canada, as the Phase 1 pipeline. One such protest, a historic act of civil disobedience outside the White House in August 2011, resulted in the arrest of more than 1,200 demonstrators. [257] EPA concluded that due to the current relatively cheap cost of oil, companies might be less likely to set up their own developments in the oil sands. [206] The Pioneer crude oil pipeline crosses eastwest across Nebraska, and the Pony Express pipeline, which crosses the Ogallala Aquifer in Colorado, Nebraska, and Kansas, was being converted as of 2013 from natural gas to crude oil, under a permit from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. [175] In April 2013, Calgary-based Canada West Foundation warned that Alberta is "running up against a [pipeline capacity] wall around 2016, when we will have barrels of oil we can't move". When you sign up you'll become a member of NRDC's Activist Network. The operator of the Keystone Pipeline System, which carries a form of crude oil from Canada to multiple states for refining, said over the weekend . [196] [173], In 2013, frustrated by delays in getting approval for Keystone XL (via the Gulf of Mexico), the Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipelines (via Kitimat, BC) and the expansion of the existing TransMountain line to Vancouver, Alberta has intensified exploration of two northern projects "to help the province get its oil to tidewater, making it available for export to overseas markets". There have been nearly 12 to 15 spills accidents in the Midwest pipeline, which has led to the wastage of thousands of gallons of oil in these spills. [184], In the year before the 2012 United States presidential election, McKibben and other activists mounted pressure on then-President Obama, who was running for re-election. [236][237], In April 2018, Reuters reviewed documents that showed that Keystone had "leaked substantially more oil, and more often, in the United States than the company indicated to regulators in risk assessments before operations began in 2010. We conduct regular emergency exercises, and aerial surveys every two weeks. [278], In September 2009, independent refiner CVR sued TransCanada for Keystone Pipeline tolls seeking $250million damage compensation or release from transportation agreements. [102], As of 2008, certain parties who agreed to make volume commitments to the Keystone expansion had the option to acquire up to a combined 15% equity ownership,[30] which included Valero Energy Corporation[103] and Hogshead Spouter Co.[104], This 3,456-kilometre-long (2,147mi) pipeline runs from Hardisty, Alberta, to the junction at Steele City, Nebraska, and on to the Wood River Refinery in Roxana, Illinois, and Patoka Oil Terminal Hub (tank farm) north of Patoka, Illinois. [149], During the 2014 Pacific Northwest Economic Region Summit in Whistler, B.C., Canada's US Ambassador Gary Doer stated that there is no proof, be it environmental, economic, safety or scientific, that construction work on Keystone XL should not go ahead. This is why we fight | Dallas Goldtooth", "Eminent Domain Fight Has a Canadian Twist", "Daryl Hannah freed following arrest in pipeline protest", "Pipeline Review Is Faced With Question of Conflict", "Keystone XL: State Department cleared of conflict, not ineptness", "Keystone XL pipeline report slammed by activists and scientists", "EXCLUSIVE: State Dept. At the time of the poll, only 17% of Democrats favored the pipeline. Leading climate scientist and former NASA researcher James Hansen has warned that fully exploiting Canadas tar sands reserves by moving forward with these projects would mean game over for our climate. And these exports are more than 10 times the capacity of the proposed Keystone XL pipeline. [258] The EPA suggested that the State Department should "revisit" its prior conclusions in light of the drop in oil prices. . [217] On April 18, 2014, the Obama administration announced that the review of the controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline has been extended indefinitely, pending the result of a legal challenge to a Nebraska pipeline siting law that could change the route. This is why we fight[134] further explains the relationship with the Oceti Sakowin Tribe by referring to the environment as Mother Earth when resisting the Keystone Pipeline. Despite a court order to reassess the Dakota Access Pipelines environmental impact, the agency wont share the results of its new study. [8], The leak raised concerns from environmentalists due to the transfer of tar sands through the pipeline, which are more toxic than crude oil and can sink in water. It was constructed in 2010 and went online in February 2011.[3]. It appears that the government review process for Keystone XL has been completely fair. 2022 they are producing almost 12 million . [79], In March 2019, Trump revoked the prior permit and himself directly issued a new permit for the pipeline. In 2014, more than two million comments urging a rejection of the pipeline were submitted to the U.S. Department of State during a 30-day public comment period. [39] The pipeline, from Hardisty, Alberta, Canada, to Patoka, Illinois, United States, became operational in June 2010. [216], In May 2013 Republicans in the House of Representatives defended the Northern Route Approval Act, which would allow for congressional approval of the pipeline, on the grounds that the pipeline created jobs and energy independence. [127] Locally caught fish and untreated surface water would be at risk for contamination through oil sands extraction, and are central to the diets of many Indigenous peoples. Pipeline spills can also result in significant economic and employment costs, although the systematic tracking of the social, health, and economic impacts of pipeline spills is not required by law. The overall results of polls on the Keystone XL pipeline taken by independent national polling organizations from 2012 to 2014 were as follows: In contrast, Pew's February 2017 poll showed that support for the pipeline had fallen to only 42%, with 48% of polled respondents opposing the pipeline, a 17 percentage point drop in support since 2014, with the majority of the shift due to a sharp decline in support among Democrats and Democrat-leaning independents. [41] and in March 2010, the National Energy Board approved the project. [61] On February 11, 2015, the Keystone XL Pipeline was passed by the House of Representatives with the proposed Senate Amendments 270152. 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